Which of the following is not an agricultural product?

The correct option is Alum.

To understand why, let us break down what each of the given options represents:
1. Rice: Rice is a cereal grain and one of the most widely consumed staple foods in the world. It is harvested from the agricultural cultivation of the grass species Oryza sativa. Thus, it is an agricultural product.
2. Jute: Jute is a long, soft, shiny bast fiber that can be spun into coarse, strong threads. It is extracted from plants in the genus Corchorus, which are grown as agricultural crops mainly in warm, wet climates. Hence, it is an agricultural product.
3. Cotton: Cotton is a soft, fluffy staple fiber that grows in a boll, or protective case, around the seeds of the cotton plants of the genus Gossypium. It is a major agricultural cash crop cultivated globally for the textile industry. Therefore, it is also an agricultural product.
4. Alum: Alum is a specific chemical compound, typically a hydrated double sulfate salt of aluminum, such as potassium alum (potassium aluminum sulfate). It is a mineral salt produced through chemical manufacturing processes or mined from natural mineral deposits rather than grown as a crop. Because it does not originate from farming or agriculture, it is not an agricultural product.

Therefore, among the given choices, Alum is the only substance that is not an agricultural product.