Under this circumstance an antigen-antibody reaction will occur.
A person with
Correct Answer :
Type O blood is given type A blood
Solution :
The correct option is: Type O blood is given type A blood.
To understand why this is correct, we need to look at the antigens present on red blood cells and the antibodies circulating in the blood plasma:
1. Antigens on Red Blood Cells: A person's blood type (A, B, AB, or O) is determined by the presence or absence of specific proteins called antigens on the surface of their red blood cells.
- Type A blood has A antigens.
- Type B blood has B antigens.
- Type AB blood has both A and B antigens.
- Type O blood has neither A nor B antigens.
2. Antibodies in Plasma: The immune system naturally produces antibodies against the antigens that are absent from its own red blood cells:
- A person with Type A blood has anti-B antibodies.
- A person with Type B blood has anti-A antibodies.
- A person with Type AB blood has no antibodies against A or B antigens.
- A person with Type O blood has both anti-A and anti-B antibodies.
3. Antigen-Antibody Reaction (Agglutination): An antigen-antibody reaction occurs when antibodies in the recipient's plasma bind to matching antigens on the donor's red blood cells. This leads to clumping (agglutination) and destruction of the donor cells.
Let's evaluate the correct option:
- Recipient: Type O blood. They have both anti-A and anti-B antibodies in their plasma.
- Donor: Type A blood. Their red blood cells carry A antigens.
- Reaction: The recipient's anti-A antibodies will immediately recognize and bind to the donor's A antigens, triggering a severe antigen-antibody reaction.
Why the other options do not trigger a reaction:
- Type A given Type O: Type O cells have no antigens on their surface, so the recipient's anti-B antibodies have nothing to attack.
- Type AB given Type O: Type AB recipients have no anti-A or anti-B antibodies, and Type O cells have no A or B antigens.
- Type AB given Type B: Type AB recipients have no anti-B antibodies, so they will not attack the B antigens on the donor cells.
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