The unequal distribution of food, droughts, increased population and flooding are as a result of

The correct answer is famine.

To understand why this is the correct choice, let us look at the relationship between the factors mentioned in the question:
1. Unequal distribution of food: When food resources are not shared or transported efficiently to regions in need, it leads to extreme scarcity of food in those areas.
2. Droughts: Prolonged periods of abnormally low rainfall dry up water sources and destroy agricultural crops, drastically reducing the local food supply.
3. Increased population: A rapidly growing population places a higher demand on existing, limited food resources, making shortages more severe.
4. Flooding: Excess water from floods ruins arable land, washes away crops, and destroys stored food supplies, compounding the scarcity.

When these factors—droughts, flooding, unequal distribution, and population pressure—combine, they lead to a widespread, extreme scarcity of food, which is the definition of a famine. The other options (malaria, dengue fever, and typhoid) are infectious diseases rather than a state of food crisis caused by these environmental and distribution issues.