Question Details

The first amino acid of any polypeptide chain in eukaryotes is

Options

A

valine

B

methionine

C

glycine

D

alanine

Correct Answer :

methionine

Solution :

The correct option is methionine.

During the process of translation (protein synthesis) in eukaryotic organisms, the genetic code on the messenger RNA (mRNA) is translated into a sequence of amino acids to form a polypeptide chain.

Translation initiation begins at a specific start codon on the mRNA molecule. In eukaryotes, the universal start codon is AUG.
This codon specifically codes for the amino acid methionine.

A specialized initiator transfer RNA (tRNA), designated as Met-tRNAiMet, recognizes the AUG start codon and binds to the ribosomal initiation complex.
Consequently, methionine is positioned as the very first amino acid at the amino-terminal (N-terminal) end of the nascent polypeptide chain, even though it may be enzymatically modified or cleaved off in subsequent post-translational modification steps.

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