Question Details

The dimensions of length are expressed as Gˣ cʸ hᶻ where G, c and h are the universal gravitational constant, speed of light and Planck's constant respectively, then

Options

A

x =(1/2), y =(-3/2), z =(1/2)

B

x =(5/2), y =(-3/2), z =(-1/2)

C

x =(-1/2), y =(-5/2), z =(1/2)

D

x =(-1/2), y =(-7/2), z =(1/2)

Correct Answer :

x =(1/2), y =(-3/2), z =(1/2)

Solution :

To express the dimensions of length in terms of the universal gravitational constant (G), the speed of light (c), and Planck's constant (h), we begin by writing their individual dimensional formulas:

1. Speed of light (c):
[c]=[M0LT-1]

2. Planck's constant (h):
We know energy E=hν, where ν is frequency (with dimensions [T-1]).
[h]=[E][ν]=[ML2T-2][T-1]=[ML2T-1]

3. Universal gravitational constant (G):
From Newton's law of gravitation, F=Gm1m2r2.
[G]=[F][r2][m2]=[MLT-2][L2][M2]=[M-1L3T-2]

We are given that the dimensions of length (L) are expressed as:
[L]=[Gxcyhz]

Substituting the dimensional formulas of G, c, and h into the equation:
[M0L1T0]=[M-1L3T-2]x[LT-1]y[ML2T-1]z

Combining the exponents for each fundamental quantity:
[M0L1T0]=[M-x+zL3x+y+2zT-2x-y-z]

By equating the exponents of M, L, and T on both sides, we get a system of three linear equations:
1) For M:
-x+z=0x=z
2) For T:
-2x-y-z=02x+y+z=0
3) For L:
3x+y+2z=1

Substituting z=x into equations (2) and (3):
From equation (2):
2x+y+x=0y=-3x
From equation (3):
3x+y+2x=15x+y=1

Now, substitute y=-3x into 5x+y=1:
5x-3x=1
2x=1x=12

Since z=x, we have:
z=12

Using y=-3x:
y=-312=-32

Therefore, the values of the powers are:
x=12, y=-32, z=12

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