Synapsis takes place between

The correct option is Two homologous chromosomes.

Explanation:
Synapsis is a highly regulated cellular process that occurs during prophase I of meiosis, specifically during the zygotene substage. During synapsis, two homologous chromosomes (one inherited from the mother and one from the father) align side-by-side along their entire length. This pairing is stabilized by a protein structure called the synaptonemal complex. The close association of homologous chromosomes is crucial because it allows homologous recombination (crossing over) to occur, which leads to genetic variation in offspring.

Let's review why the other options are incorrect:
1. Spindle fibre and centromere: The interaction between spindle fibers and the centromere (via the kinetochore) is responsible for aligning and separating chromosomes during cell division, not synapsis.
2. mRNA and ribosomes: The binding of mRNA to ribosomes is a process involved in translation (protein synthesis) rather than chromosome pairing.
3. A female and a male gamete: The fusion of a male gamete and a female gamete is called fertilization (or syngamy), which forms a zygote.