Of the following quantities, which one has dimensions different from the remaining three ?
Correct Answer :
Angular momentum
Solution :
To determine which of the given quantities has dimensions different from the remaining three, we will find the dimensional formula for each of the options.
Let the fundamental dimensions be mass [M], length [L], and time [T].
1. Energy per unit volume:
Energy has the dimensions of work done, which is force multiplied by distance:
Volume has the dimensions of length cubed:
Therefore, the dimensions of energy per unit volume are:
2. Force per unit area:
Force has the dimensions:
Area has the dimensions of length squared:
Therefore, the dimensions of force per unit area are:
3. Product of voltage and charge per unit volume:
The product of voltage (electric potential, V) and charge (q) is equal to electrical energy:
Thus, the product of voltage and charge per unit volume has the same dimensions as energy per unit volume:
4. Angular momentum:
Angular momentum (L) is defined as the product of moment of inertia and angular velocity, or position vector crossed with linear momentum (r × p):
Comparing the dimensions of all four quantities:
- Energy per unit volume:
- Force per unit area:
- Product of voltage and charge per unit volume:
- Angular momentum:
The first three quantities have the same dimensions of pressure/energy density, while Angular momentum has different dimensions.
Therefore, the correct option is Angular momentum.
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