Nomenclature is governed by certain universal rules. Which one of the following is contrary to the rules of nomenclature?

The correct option is: "Biological names can be written in any language".

Binomial nomenclature is governed by a set of universal rules to ensure standard and globally accepted scientific naming of organisms. The reasons why the given option is contrary to these rules are explained below:

1. Latin Origin:
Scientific or biological names are traditionally derived from the Latin language (or are Latinized), regardless of their original source. Latin is used because it is a "dead language," meaning it is static, does not evolve, and its word meanings remain constant globally. Therefore, biological names cannot be written in any arbitrary language.

2. Binomial Structure:
A biological name consists of two parts: the first word represents the genus (generic name, capitalized) and the second word represents the specific epithet (species name, lowercase).

3. Typography and Writing:
When printed, biological names must be italicized to show their Latin origin. When they are handwritten, the genus and species names must be underlined separately.

Since scientific names must be Latinized, the statement that they can be written in any language is incorrect, making it the option that is contrary to the rules of nomenclature.