Name the law that states the force between electric charges

The correct option is Coulomb’s law.

To understand why this is the correct answer, let us look at the definition of each of the physical laws provided in the options:

1. Coulomb’s Law:
This law describes the electrostatic force of attraction or repulsion between two stationary point charges. According to Coulomb's law, the force ($F$) is directly proportional to the product of the magnitudes of the charges ($q_1$ and $q_2$) and inversely proportional to the square of the distance ($r$) between them:

$F=k·\frac{q_1{q}_2}{r^2}$

where $k$ is Coulomb's constant. Since it directly states the force between electric charges, Coulomb's law is the correct answer.

2. Ohm’s Law:
This law states the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance in an electrical circuit ($V=IR$). It does not calculate the fundamental electrostatic force between individual charges.

3. Faraday’s Law:
This law deals with electromagnetism, specifically describing how a changing magnetic field induces an electromotive force (EMF) or voltage in a conductor.

4. Ampere’s Law:
This law relates the integrated magnetic field around a closed loop to the electric current passing through the loop.

Therefore, the law that states the force between electric charges is Coulomb’s law.