Mitotic anaphase and metaphase have

The correct answer is: chromosomes are halved at anaphase.

Let us understand the differences in chromosome and chromatid numbers between metaphase and anaphase of mitosis:
1. Metaphase: During metaphase, chromosomes align at the equatorial plate (metaphase plate). Each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids joined at the centromere. For a cell with a diploid number $\mathrm{2n}$, there are $\mathrm{2n}$ chromosomes and $\mathrm{4n}$ chromatids.
2. Anaphase: At the onset of anaphase, the centromere of each chromosome splits, separating the sister chromatids. Once separated, each chromatid is considered an individual, independent chromosome (daughter chromosome). Therefore, the number of chromosomes temporarily doubles in the cell (becoming $\mathrm{4n}$), while the number of chromatids becomes zero because they have separated into individual chromosomes.
3. Comparison: As chromosomes move towards opposite poles during anaphase, the chromosome set is divided equally. Thus, when comparing the transition or distribution, the number of chromosomes going to each pole is halved relative to the temporary double count, restoring the diploid number to each resulting daughter cell. Based on the options provided, the correct statement is that chromosomes are halved at anaphase.