In planetary motion the areal velocity of position vector of a planet depends on angular velocity (ω) and the distance of the planet from sun (r). If so the correct relation for areal velocity is
Correct Answer :
(dA/dt) ∝ ωr²
Solution :
The correct relation for areal velocity is:
(dA/dt) ∝ ωr²
Step-by-Step Derivation:
1. Let us consider a planet moving around the Sun. Let the position vector of the planet relative to the Sun be .
2. In a very small time interval , the position vector sweeps out a small triangular area .
3. The area of a triangle formed by two adjacent vectors, the position vector and the small displacement vector , is given by:
4. Since the displacement is along the arc of the orbit, we can relate the linear displacement to the angular displacement as:
5. Substituting this expression for into the area equation gives:
6. To find the areal velocity, which is the rate at which area is swept out per unit time, we divide both sides by :
7. We know that the rate of change of angular displacement is defined as the angular velocity :
8. Substituting into our areal velocity equation, we obtain:
9. Since is a constant, the relationship can be written in terms of proportionality as:
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