Question Details

If tan 2 θ 5 sec θ = 1 has exactly 7 solutions in the interval [ 0 , n π 2 ] , for the least value of n N , then k = 1 n k 2 n is equal to

Options

A

9/29

B

91/213

C

7/27

D

11/212

Correct Answer :

91/213

Solution :

The correct option is 91/213.

Let us solve the trigonometric equation and find the value of n step-by-step.

Step 1: Simplify the trigonometric equation
The given equation is:
tan2θ5secθ=1
Using the fundamental Pythagorean identity, we know that:
tan2θ=sec2θ1
Substitute this into the equation:
(sec2θ1)5secθ=1
Rearranging the terms, we get a quadratic equation in terms of secθ:
sec2θ5secθ2=0

Step 2: Solve the quadratic equation
Let x=secθ. The equation becomes:
x25x2=0
Using the quadratic formula, we find:
x=5±(5)24(1)(2)2=5±25+82=5±332

Step 3: Analyze the feasibility of the roots
Since 335.74, we have two possible values for secθ:
1) secθ=5+3325.37 (which satisfies |secθ|1)
2) secθ=53320.37 (which has no real solution since |secθ|<1 is impossible for real angles)
Therefore, we only consider:
secθ=5+332cosθ=25+33>0

Step 4: Find the general behavior of the solutions
Since cosθ>0, the solutions for θ lie in the first and fourth quadrants.
Let the principal angle in the first quadrant be α(0,π2).
Listing the solutions in ascending order:
- 1st solution: θ1=α(0,π2)
- 2nd solution: θ2=2πα(3π2,2π)
- 3rd solution: θ3=2π+α(2π,5π2)
- 4th solution: θ4=4πα(7π2,4π)
- 5th solution: θ5=4π+α(4π,9π2)
- 6th solution: θ6=6πα(11π2,6π)
- 7th solution: θ7=6π+α(6π,13π2)
- 8th solution: θ8=8πα(15π2,8π)

We require the interval [0,nπ2] to contain exactly 7 solutions.
This means:
θ7nπ2<θ8
Substituting the expressions for θ7 and θ8:
6π+αnπ2<8πα
Since α(0,π2), we have:
6π+α>6π=12π2
Therefore, the least integer value of n that satisfies nπ26π+α is:
n=13
Checking this value: if n=13, then the upper limit of the interval is 13π2=6.5π.
Since θ7=6π+α<6.5π and θ8=8πα>7.5π, the interval [0,13π2] contains exactly 7 solutions. Thus, the least value of n is indeed 13.

Step 5: Compute the summation value
We need to calculate the sum:
k=1nk2n
Substituting n=13 into the summation:
k=113k213=1213k=113k
Using the formula for the sum of the first m natural numbers, k=1mk=m(m+1)2:
k=113k=13×142=13×7=91
Substituting this back into the expression, we get:
91213

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