Epimorphosis is regeneration through

The correct option is: "reinitiation of division in existing cells, followed by patterning, as occurs in amphibians such as newts".

Understanding Epimorphosis:
Epimorphosis is a specific type of regeneration characterized by the proliferation of new cells from the injured site to replace the lost or damaged structure. In this process, adult cells at the site of amputation undergo dedifferentiation (reverting back to a stem-cell-like state) and reinitiate active cell division (proliferation). This results in the formation of a specialized mass of dividing cells known as a regeneration blastema. Once the blastema is established, these cells undergo patterning and differentiation to reform the missing tissue or limb.

Distinct from Morphallaxis:
Unlike morphallaxis (as seen in organisms like Hydra), which relies on the repatterning of existing cells without significant cell division, epimorphosis strictly requires the reinitiation of cell division in existing cells followed by patterning. Amphibians, such as newts and salamanders, are classic model organisms that showcase epimorphic limb regeneration.