Question Details

Collared, flagellated cells that cover large parts of the inner chambers of sponges, helping water circulation to continue are

Options

A

Porocytes

B

Choanocytes

C

Amoebocytes

D

Pinacocytes

Correct Answer :

Choanocytes

Solution :

The correct option is Choanocytes.

Sponges (phylum Porifera) are primitive multicellular aquatic animals that rely on a unique water canal system for food gathering, respiratory exchange, and waste removal. Let's break down why Choanocytes are the correct answer by looking at their structure and function step-by-step:
1. Structural Features: Choanocytes are also known as "collar cells". Each cell features a central flagellum surrounded by a collar of microvilli that acts as a filter.
2. Location: These cells line the inner chambers (spongocoel or radial canals) of the sponge's body.
3. Water Circulation: The continuous beating of the flagella of thousands of choanocytes creates a water current. Water is drawn into the sponge through tiny pores (ostia), circulates through the internal chambers, and exits through a larger opening called the osculum.
4. Feeding: As water flows past, the collar of microvilli traps microscopic food particles (like bacteria and organic debris), which are then ingested by the cell via phagocytosis.

Let's briefly define the other options to understand why they are incorrect:
- Porocytes: Tube-like cells that form the pores (ostia) through which water enters the sponge.
- Amoebocytes: Mobile cells residing in the mesohyl that transport nutrients, produce spicules, and can differentiate into other cell types.
- Pinacocytes: Flat, contractile cells that form the outer protective layer (pinacoderm) of the sponge.

Therefore, the collared, flagellated cells responsible for driving water circulation in sponges are indeed Choanocytes.

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