Solution:

Step 1:

Understanding the question The question asks about challenges faced by India in the immediate post-Independence era. These challenges involved shaping the nationhood and establishing democratic, economic, and social systems.

Step 2:

Analyzing the options

- (A) To shape an united nation that was accommodative of the diversity in India: This was indeed a challenge after independence, as India had to accommodate its diverse population while forming a unified nation.

- (B) To restructure its economy through structural adjustment programme: This was not an immediate challenge post-Independence. Structural adjustment programmes came much later in the 1980s and 1990s, particularly under economic liberalization.

- (C) To develop democratic practices in accordance with the Constitution: Establishing democracy in line with the newly adopted Constitution was a key challenge immediately after independence.

- (D) To evolve policies that address economic development and eradication of poverty: This was also a major challenge faced post-Independence, as poverty was widespread, and economic development needed to be focused upon.

Step 3:

Conclusion

The restructuring of the economy through a structural adjustment programme was not an immediate challenge post-Independence.

It became relevant later in India’s economic history.

Hence, the correct answer is option (B).